We are all more familiar with the terms SUM and PRODUCT in mathematics. Based on these terms, AND and OR logical operations are derived. Any kind of logical expression can be represented through these terms and there are many ways of expressing a logical function. AND represents the product relationship between the terms whereas OR represents sum relationship. So, Sum of Products and Product of Sums are the equivalent approaches of representing a logical expression. Through few principles, these … [Read more...]
Shift Registers its Types, Truth Table, Code and Applications
Shift Registers are constructed using latches or the Flip-Flops. These Sequential circuits are used to generate certain delays in the digital waveforms or signals. To send data bits into the microprocessors/microcontrollers and for reading data out these, shift registers are used. The 'n' number of stages in the register is proportional to the delay generated in the circuit by n times. These registers play a vital role in long distance communication (like UART) between two processors to avoid … [Read more...]
What is a Bypass Capacitor : Types, Functions & Its Applications
A capacitor is a device that can be used to store electric energy. It has two terminals and its effect is called capacitance. A capacitor basically consists of two metal plates that act as a conductor with a dielectric medium in between. The conductor may be in the form of electrodes or metal plates or thin foil. The dielectric material is used to increase the capacitance. There are different types of capacitors and a bypass capacitor is one of them. It is a component in an electric circuit that … [Read more...]
What is a Surge Protector: Working, Types, Advantages & Disadvantages
There are various types of electronic devices used in our day to day activities. Many of these appliances require a power supply as the basic unit for functioning. This supply provided at home or for the business purpose is not constant as there would a lot of surge. The generation of the surge is due to the thunder striking or it may be because of the type of electromagnetic noise generated or may also be due to grid switching. To protect the appliances from such voltage spikes protection is … [Read more...]
An Overview on the Concept of Frequency Modulation
Amplitude Modulation is not only the approach of modulating the signal, but there also exist many other kinds of modulation techniques. Frequency Modulation is one of the types of modulation. In the earlier days of communications, the necessary bandwidth for transmission of signals was not wide and even they do not hold the ability to reduce the interference signals. In such a scenario, frequency modulation was introduced but it was not much accurate compare with amplitude modulation. Then … [Read more...]
Coupling Capacitor Construction, Working, Calculation, and Applications
Coupling capacitor is the basic type of capacitors. A capacitor is a storage device that is known for storing the charge. Its structure is very simple in design. Parallel plates that are present in a capacitor are separated by the dielectric. Hence this makes the capacitor capable to store charges. A capacitor is available in various forms. One of the forms of this capacitor is coupling capacitors. The purpose of this type of capacitors is that to couple the output of the signal in AC form … [Read more...]
RC Coupled Amplifier Circuit Working, Types and Frequency Response
RC coupled amplifier is a basic type of amplifier with the various stages present in it. In other words, if we describe RC coupled amplifier we can say that an amplifier that consists of resistors and capacitors which acts a voltage divides and couplers to form multiple/single stage for better amplification. These are the basic circuits that are present in the various types of electronic equipment especially in RF signal or other communication devices as it helps in improving the signal strength … [Read more...]
SMD Capacitor Working principle, Polarity Types, and Identification
SMD capacitor is the capacitor designed with different technology. SMD sometimes referred to as SMT which means 'Surface Mounted Technology'. This technology is about manufacturing the capacitors with such ease so that bulk manufacturing becomes easier. In this technology the capacitor is designed without leads. This makes convenient in placing the printed circuit boards (PCBs). With the use of this technology, various types of capacitors namely Ceramic and Tantalum are designed. Among those … [Read more...]
Capacitors in Series, Parallel Their Working and Examples
The capacitor is an energy storage device. These are classified as Electrolytic and Non-Electrolytic Capacitors based on the Dielectrics and Polarities. It must be connected in the circuit in such a way that a required value of the capacitance is obtained. There are other combinations of capacitors used during connecting it in the circuit. Among which series and parallel are the basic ones. The multiple capacitors that are connected acts as the 'Single Equivalent Capacitor'. The total am … [Read more...]
What are Ferromagnetic Materials : Magnetization & Their Applications
For many decades, magnetism has been an anomaly that gained the sight of humanity. Any of the instances in mankind's life, one might surely confront permanent magnets and so today we shall move with the discussion to know the concepts of magnetism and what ferromagnetism and ferromagnetic are? Initially, the concept of magnetism arises from the magnetic dipole moment of an electron which means that an electron acts like a small magnet generating the magnetic field. The swirl of the electrons in … [Read more...]
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