We are all more familiar with the terms SUM and PRODUCT in mathematics. Based on these terms, AND and OR logical operations are derived. Any kind of logical expression can be represented through these terms and there are many ways of expressing a logical function. AND represents the product relationship between the terms whereas OR represents sum relationship. So, Sum of Products and Product of Sums are the equivalent approaches of representing a logical expression. Through few principles, these … [Read more...]
Shift Registers its Types, Truth Table, Code and Applications
Shift Registers are constructed using latches or the Flip-Flops. These Sequential circuits are used to generate certain delays in the digital waveforms or signals. To send data bits into the microprocessors/microcontrollers and for reading data out these, shift registers are used. The 'n' number of stages in the register is proportional to the delay generated in the circuit by n times. These registers play a vital role in long distance communication (like UART) between two processors to avoid … [Read more...]
What is a Bypass Capacitor : Types, Functions & Its Applications
A capacitor is a device that can be used to store electric energy. It has two terminals and its effect is called capacitance. A capacitor basically consists of two metal plates that act as a conductor with a dielectric medium in between. The conductor may be in the form of electrodes or metal plates or thin foil. The dielectric material is used to increase the capacitance. There are different types of capacitors and a bypass capacitor is one of them. It is a component in an electric circuit that … [Read more...]
What is a Surge Protector: Working, Types, Advantages & Disadvantages
There are various types of electronic devices used in our day to day activities. Many of these appliances require a power supply as the basic unit for functioning. This supply provided at home or for the business purpose is not constant as there would a lot of surge. The generation of the surge is due to the thunder striking or it may be because of the type of electromagnetic noise generated or may also be due to grid switching. To protect the appliances from such voltage spikes protection is … [Read more...]
An Overview on the Concept of Frequency Modulation
Amplitude Modulation is not only the approach of modulating the signal, but there also exist many other kinds of modulation techniques. Frequency Modulation is one of the types of modulation. In the earlier days of communications, the necessary bandwidth for transmission of signals was not wide and even they do not hold the ability to reduce the interference signals. In such a scenario, frequency modulation was introduced but it was not much accurate compare with amplitude modulation. Then … [Read more...]
What is 8085 Microprocessor – Architecture, Pin Diagram & Applications
As the invention of IC’s (Integrated Chip’s) gained the utmost importance, the microprocessor which is developed using IC’s is also more into implementation. Extending the functionalities of IC, microprocessors hold the capability of performing complicated functions on a single chip. Microprocessors brought up the vast revolution in the world of technology and they are in utilization to date. From the development of 1st generation to 5th generation, each phase holds its benefits and all the advan … [Read more...]
Basic and All-inclusive concepts in Boolean Algebra
Initially, we are only with the propositions of true and false and these bivalent values introduced four laws of logic. But in many of the situations, there might be a need of more than these two values, in that case, the bivalent solution fits in. This bivalent approach is proposed by Aristotle. Making modifications to his approach George Boole founded Boolean Algebra which categorized multiple laws of relationship those are in between mathematical quantities constrained to one of two values: 1 … [Read more...]
What are Latches? and How they Differ from Flip-Flop?
In Digital Electronics, transmission and the storage of the data is the wide part of the computation. In both digital and informational technology sector data needs to be stored in the memory may be internal as in microcontroller or external as in micropocessors. To store the information in terms of bits the Latches and Flip-Flops are used. These are the basic storage elements that store binary values that are 0 and 1. Flip-Flop circuit is derived from the latch. Both elements belong to the … [Read more...]
Logic Gate: Working principle, Types, and Uses
In this digital world of electronics, the information is stored in the form of bits (Binary). Certain arithmetical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are to be performed on these bits. The combination of 'Arithmetic Operation' with certain 'logic' using binary numbers was established by Leibniz. Further, the electrical circuits of switching based on vacuum tubes were designed. The invention of relays replaced the 'vacuum tubes' in switching circuits. Finally, … [Read more...]
What is Bleeder Resistor : Circuit Diagram and Its Functions
A resistor is used to restrict the flow of electric current in a circuit. It can also be used to reduce the voltage level in the circuit. A resistor has a huge variety of uses. It is a major component of any electric circuit. It is a passive component. Resistors may have either fixed or variable resistance. A bleeder resistor is basically a type of resistor which is connected across a capacitor in a circuit. It is basically used to drain out the excess charge from the capacitor. It is mainly … [Read more...]