While the conversion of an analog signal into a binary signal, the PCM (pulse code modulation) technique is used. But this system has a disadvantage like it requires large bandwidth because all the bits are going to be transmitted and there is a difference between the analog signal and the digital signal. So these can be overcome by using Delta modulation. It is one type of technique used for the conversion of an analog signal into a digital version. The definition of delta Modulation is the … [Read more...]
Capacitor Filter using Half Wave Rectifier and Full Wave Rectifier
During the process of rectification, the output generated will not result in the pure DC form. Instead, there is the presence of ripples in the output. The ripples are the unwanted AC part present in the output DC. This affects the efficiency of the circuit. The frequencies that are undesirable to the circuit can be filtered by connecting the capacitor filter across the load. As we use voltage regulators these capacitor filters are kept after it so that the output that is generated gets … [Read more...]
What is Amplitude Modulation – Derivatives, Types and Benefits
Initially, the birth of amplitude modulation starts by considering a continuous spark transmission and placing a carbon microphone in the antenna lead. This type of positioning has created sound waves, and these got varied both with the intensity and resistance over the transmission. Even there was a disturbing noise, signals can be heard over a distance and that’s up to some hundred meters. So, the introduction of uninterrupted sine signals allowed for continuous transmission and then on AM w … [Read more...]
Difference between LVDT and RVDT and Its Advantages
Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) and rotary variable differential transformer (RVDT) is an electrical transformer type sensor used to measure the linear displacement and angular displacement respectively. The circuit diagram and working principle is similar to each other but differentiated in terms of core and shaft movements inside the module. These sensors are also called as electromechanical transducer due to the fact that it yields variable alternating current (AC) output … [Read more...]
What is an Attenuator : Design, Types & Its Applications
Electricity, communication, entertainment, utility resources (gas), etc. everything is required to be transmitted from one point to another. For transmitting these, there are different type of technologies and transmitting techniques. Electrical power generated at one place is transmitted to consumer point using transmission lines along with required substations. For transmitting power from one point to another point, amplifiers are used to increase the power of signal and are called as … [Read more...]
Full Subtractor Circuit Diagram Using Basic Gates and Applications
Full Subtractor and the Half subtractor both belong to the family of 'Digital Electronics'. These are the kind of basic Logic Circuits that are designed by using 'Logic Gates'. Other than subtraction various circuits can be made with these gates to perform arithmetic operations. Likewise subtraction there are adder circuits to perform addition known as Half Adder and Full Adder. The Binary Numbers consist of only two digits that are 0 and 1. If the higher number 1 should be subtracted from 0 … [Read more...]
What is Varistor : Working Principle, Construction and Its Applications
A resistor is an electric component that is used to limit the flow of current in an electric circuit. It is basically a resistive component. It has two terminals and is used in almost all electric circuits. It can also be sued to adjust signal levels and terminate transmission lines. There are different types of resistors available each meant for a specific purpose. A varistor is one such type of resistor, used to change the resistance in the circuit by changing the voltage. Its design is almost … [Read more...]
What is Thermistor: Working, Types & Applications
Temperature sensing is considered to be the most important part of any electronic application. In the household appliances or the industrial environment, the measurement of temperature to set certain limits for operation is needed. There are various sensors for this purpose some of them which are frequently preferred are Thermocouples, Semiconductor sensors, Resistance Temperature Detectors are popularly known as RTD's and Thermistor. While experimenting with the behavior of the … [Read more...]
What is Half Subtractor : Working and Its Applications, K-MAP, Circuit using NAND Gate
To process the information like light or sound from one point to other we can use analog circuits by giving proper inputs in the form of analog signals. In this process, there are chances of noise being picked up by the input analog signals and this may lead to loss in the output signal, it means whatever the input we are processing at the input level is not equal to the output stage. To, overcome these digital circuits are implemented. Digital circuit can be designed with logic gates. Logic … [Read more...]
Sum of Products and Product of Sums : Types and Schematic Diagrams
We are all more familiar with the terms SUM and PRODUCT in mathematics. Based on these terms, AND and OR logical operations are derived. Any kind of logical expression can be represented through these terms and there are many ways of expressing a logical function. AND represents the product relationship between the terms whereas OR represents sum relationship. So, Sum of Products and Product of Sums are the equivalent approaches of representing a logical expression. Through few principles, these … [Read more...]