In network analysis, the basic and simple circuits can be analyzed by using basic techniques and laws like KVL, KCL, and ohm's law. In the case of complex circuits, these laws are not applicable and unreliable as it consists of controlled sources. Hence to find the variables in complex circuits, mesh, and nodal analysis techniques are used. By the use of mesh/loop and nodal analysis, we can determine the variables like current and voltages of the circuit very easily. This nodal analysis is used … [Read more...]
What is Peak Inverse Voltage & Its Importance
In electronics engineering, different kinds of materials are used to carry electricity. The materials like copper, aluminum, germanium Ge), silicon (si) are good conductors of electricity and have good conductivity. Such materials are called semiconductors, used in various electronic applications. These types of materials have a narrow forbidden gap of 1eV, sufficient to transfer the electrons from the valance band to the conduction band. When two types of materials like p-type and n-type are … [Read more...]
What is RISC and CISC Architecture and their Differences
The architecture of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) operates the capacity to function from “Instruction Set Architecture” to where it was designed. The architectural design of the CPU is Reduced instruction set computing (RISC) and Complex instruction set computing (CISC). CISC has the capacity to perform multi-step operations or addressing modes within one instruction set. It is the CPU design where one instruction works several low-level acts. For instance, memory storage, loading from … [Read more...]
What is an Op Amp Differentiator : Circuit & Its Working
An operational amplifier or Op-Amp is a linear device that is used in ideal DC amplification, signal conditioning, filtering, and also in mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, integration, and differentiation. Op-amp is a voltage amplifying device which is having external feedback components such as capacitors and resistors between output and input terminals. The feedback components presenting in Op-Amp are useful to carry on the operation in an efficient way. An Op-Amp is a … [Read more...]
What is RMS Voltage : Theory & Its Equation
In electronics circuits, the signal is associated with an AC (Alternating current) and DC (Direct Current). The sinusoidal wave or sine wave represents the periodic AC signal that varies with time and fluctuates between positive and negative cycles. While DC signal/waveform represents the magnitude of voltage and current values easily and stable. But the magnitude of the current and voltage values of the AC signal should be calculated by using its instantaneous values, a peak value of the … [Read more...]
What is Snell’s Law : Definition & Its Derivation
Initially, Ptolemy a scientist from Alexandria discovered the relation that exists between refraction angles, but his invention failed for a minimal range of angles. In the scope of this Alhazen invented the law of refraction and finally, it was named Snell by the Persian researcher Ibn Sahl. After this many inventors worked upon this law to know the exact principle of this law. Finally, with the enhancement of various electromagnetic and optical concepts, Snell’s law was brought into the modern … [Read more...]
What is Hartley Oscillator : Working and Its Applications
An electronic oscillator in which the oscillator frequency is determined through a tuned circuit consisting of inductors and capacitors is called the Harley oscillator. The invention of the Harley oscillator circuit was done in 1915 by Ralph Hartley, an American engineer. This oscillator is a type of harmonic oscillator. The Hartley Oscillator produces the waves of radio frequencies therefore it is also referred to as radiofrequency oscillators. The tank circuit of the oscillator having a … [Read more...]
What is Common Source Amplifier : Working & Its Applications
In electronic circuits, amplifiers are used to increase the strength or amplitude of the input signal without any phase change and frequency. Amplifier circuits are made up of either FET (Fied Effect Transistor) or normal bipolar junction transistor-based on their 3 terminals. The advantage of amplifier circuit using FET over BJTs is used as small-signal amplifiers because they produce high input impedance, high voltage gain, and low noise in the input signal. FET is a voltage-controlled device … [Read more...]
What is Color Sensor : Working & Its Applications
In electronics, sensors are the devices or modules or detectors or subsystems used to detect and respond to electrical and optical signals. Sensors can covert physical quantities like temperature, humidity, speed, etc into an electrical signal and send the information to the other electronic devices like the processor. Sensors are classified into various types to measure temperature, capacitance, heat, resistance, etc. They are a temperature sensor, proximity sensor, accelerometer, touch sensor, … [Read more...]
What is Memristor : Construction & Its Working
Resistors, Inductors, and Capacitors are considered as the basic components of electronic systems. Further, the research has been carried out by Leon Chua in the year 1971. He was a professor at UC Berkely. He was always enthusiastic about knowing why electronic devices or systems are restricted only to linear characteristics. He carried out researches and studied non-linear characteristics of these basic elements and added the fourth element known as a memristor. Because resistors define the … [Read more...]