The development of computer networking started with the progress of Arpanet in the period of the ending of the 1960s and in the initial stages of the 1970s. Before the networking devices, there were computer vendor networks which are mainly constructed to associate connection between terminals and remote job entry locations with that of the mainframe. Whereas the crucial thought behind the networking was to accomplish network sharing and it was the basis in the ARPANET design. It is even more … [Read more...]
What are Network Nodes : Types & Their Working
In Data Communication Systems, a network is an interconnecting point to exchange information between various communication components connected by various communication network links. If two or more network devices are connected to each other to transfer and share information and resources within a geographical area, then it is called a network. For example, a computer network is formed with multiple computers connected to transmit, exchange, share, store data, and resources. It enables … [Read more...]
What is Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer & Its Working
For better communication to take place between two ends, there should be a proper transmission of information from one end to another. There has been a tremendous evolution of the communication systems to make the communication process faster, reliable, and safer. It has evolved from analog to digital, wired to wireless. One of the modes of communication that are highly used nowadays is Fiber Optic Communication. In this mode, using infrared ray pulses information is transmitted from one place … [Read more...]
What is Modbus : Working & Its Function Codes
In 1979, a data communication protocol called Modbus was developed by Modicon (now Schneider Electric) and it is used along with its PLCs (programmable logic controllers). It is an industrial standard protocol and it is mainly used in process and factory automation. Now it is commonly referred to as a de facto communication protocol to connect various industrial electronic components. In the electric power industry, this is used to connect a supervisory computer with RTU (remote terminal unit) … [Read more...]
What is Transport Layer : Elements & Security
A reference model like OSI is frequently used in mode communication, which states that how the data is communicated between two software applications in the computer. This model comprises 7 layers where each layer has its own security protocols and responsibilities. This was developed in the year 1984 by ISO (International Organization for Standard) and today the model is defined as an architectural approach of inter-computer communications. As every layer in the OSI model is aligned with … [Read more...]
What is a Virtual LAN : Architecture & Its Types
These days, the communication network has been implemented with the growing technology. The communication between the computer networks is achieved very easily by dividing the networks into Local Area Networks (LANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs). When all the physical devices of the network are connected to each other within the same network using a switch link, then it is called LAN. It is mainly used for official purposes. Similarly when the various networks with logical workstations are … [Read more...]
What is Spectrum Analyzer : Types & Its Applications
The one device which is more prominent in this digital industry is Spectrum Analyzer. This device holds a nearly 50-year history which consists of surmounting multiple complications in introducing the product to the real-time market. The development of the device initially took place at Applied Research Laboratories of Columbia University. The first developed spectrum uses glass acoustic delay lines, and it delivers real-time processing in the range of 1 – 40 kHz. And the initial development s … [Read more...]
What is Network Simulation : Various Simulators & Tools
For almost every industrial and military application, there is the need of computer and communication networks and the requirement of these is progressing day-by-day. With these networks, one can expect enhanced service with perfect functional conditions. It is more crucial to know the network performance where it is used. Simulation is employed to demonstrate the final and exact outputs and activities of courses. As the network simulation has multiple advantages and applications, this article … [Read more...]
What is a Routing Algorithm & Its Types
In computer networks, the data is converted into packets to transfer from source to destination. For the transmission of data packets, the network layer decides the best path, through which the data is to be transmitted. The network layer provides datagram and virtual circuit services and also shows the best route to transfer the packets from source to destination. The network layers give routing protocol, which is a routing algorithm, that gives the best and least path through which data is … [Read more...]
RF Transceiver Module – Block Diagram & Its Working
Generally, an RF module is a small size electronic device, that is used to transmit or receive radio signals between two devices. The main application of the RF module is an embedded system to communicate with another device wirelessly. This communication may be accomplished through radio frequency communication. For various applications, the medium of choice is radiofrequency since it does not need a line of sight. The applications of RF modules mainly involve low volume and medium volume … [Read more...]