CD4060 IC : PinOut, Features, Specifications, Circuit, Working & Its Applications

The 4000 series CMOS logic family ICs were introduced first by RCA in 1968. These are lower-power alternatives to 7400 series TTL ICs with a binary counter & an oscillator. After that, it was migrated slowly into the 4000B buffered series in 1975. These ICs have a wider voltage supply range than the contemporary logic family. So, CD4060 IC is one of the 4000 series CMOS logic chips well-known for its high noise immunity and low power consumption. This article elaborates on the CD4060 IC, pin-out, specifications, working, and its applications.

What is CD4060 IC?

The CD4060 IC is a CMOS chip, available in different 16-pin packages like PDIP, SOIC, CDIP, TSSOP, etc. This IC’s operating voltage ranges from 3V to 15V. This IC includes a binary counter & an oscillator. So this IC produces selectable time delays and different frequency signals due to an in-built oscillator that needs only a few passive components.

In addition, we can also configure crystal oscillators through RC circuits or external crystals. This IC can also have a reset circuit, which makes the counter begin again from all zeros. The primary function of this IC is to generate customizable time delays to make it a practical choice in timing-related applications.

Pin Configuration:

The CD4060 IC pin configuration is shown below. So, this IC includes 16 pins, which are explained below.

CD4060 IC Pin Configuration

• Pins 1 to 7 (Q3 to Q9): These are output counter pins of the IC.
• Pin–8 (GND): It is a power GND or 0V pin of the module.
• Pin-9 (CEXT): It is an Input connection pin used for an external capacitor.
• Pin-10 (REXT): This input connection pin is used mainly for external capacitor connection.
• Pin-11 (CLK11): It is a CLK input or oscillator pin of the IC.
• Pin-12 (RST12): This is a reset pin that resets the counter.
• Pins -13 to 15 (Q11 to Q13): These are output pins that counter outputs.
• Pins-16 (VDD): This is a power supply voltage pin that ranges from +3V to +15V.

Features & Specifications:

The features and specifications of CD4060 IC include the following.

• CD4060 is a 14-bit binary counter or divider IC.
• It is available in 16-pin CDIP, PDIP, TSSOP, and SOIC packages
• It’s counting in decimal ranges from 0 to 16383.
• Operating voltage ranges from 3V to 18V.
• Nominal voltage is 5Volts, 10Volts, and 15Volts.
• The maximum CLK frequency at 15V is 30MHz.
• The reset propagation delay at 5V is 25ns.
• Its operating temperature ranges from -55°C to +125°C.

How does CD4060 IC Work?

The CD4060 versatile CMOS IC works as a 12-bit binary counter with an in-built oscillator. So it generates a CLK signal & counts up within binary format with every falling clock pulse edge. Generally, this IC merges a binary counter & a built-in oscillator by allowing it to produce different frequencies or adjustable time delays through counting CLK pulses & incrementing its binary output with every falling edge.

The in-built oscillator module in the CD4060 IC is a binary counter, so the counter value will be incremented by 1 within binary numbers on every negative CLK pulse transition. Here, the reset input must always be connected to GND. If a HIGH (1) positive signal is provided to this input, then it resets the counter (or) oscillations to begin from starting. So reset value effect & CLK pulse are given in the following table where ‘X ‘in the table is the don’t care condition.

Tabular Form

The tabular form of CD4060 IC includes the following.

The above Boolean logic table illustrates how the RESET value & CLK signal interact. So it displays how the counter performs in response to a variety of signals, which makes it easier to know & control the operation of IC

Equivalents & Alternatives

Equivalents to CD4060 ICs are; CD4017, CD4020, NTE4060, HCF4060, MC14060, TC4060, HEF4060, etc. So alternatives binary counters are; CD4024B (12-bit), CD4024B (7-bit), CD4020, CD4024, CD4040, etc.

Ni-Cd Reliable Battery Charging Circuit with CD4060 IC

Ni-Cd (Nickel-cadmium) batteries are normally found in gadgets and household electronics for stable charging & discharging. So here we are designing a Ni-Cd battery charging circuit to recharge your batteries safely with protection to keep everything running very smoothly.

This battery charger is mainly designed to charge seven Ni-Cd pencil cells within a series (or) a 9Volts Ni-Cd battery pack. So it works at a 50mA stable current with security indicators that notice short circuits, reverse polarity, and high resistance (or) low-voltage battery conditions, which are signaled throughout two LEDs.

After a 14-hour charging phase, the battery will be detached from the circuit and switched to drip charging mode to stop overcharging and keep the battery healthy. In addition, a clear alarm sound will be generated when the charging procedure is completed.

Components

The required components to make this circuit mainly include; Resistors like R1 – R4, R6, R7 (100 KΩ), R5-1 KΩ, R8 & R9 – 1.5 KΩ, R10 & R11 – 1 MΩ, R12 & R13 – 3.3 MΩ, R14 – 22 Ω/0.5W, R15-33 Ω/0.5W and VR1 – 100 KΩ. Capacitors like C1 – 0.01 µF, C2 & C4-0.22 µF, C5-220 µF, 25V and C6 – 0.1 µF. Semiconductors like IC1-CD4060 IC, IC2-LM317T, and IC3-µA741CN IC. T1 & T2 – BC547 NPN transistor, D1-1N4001 rectifier diode and D2-1N4148 signal diode. LED1 – Red and LED1 – yellow LEDs, PZ1-piezo buzzer and RL1-12V, 150Ω relay.

     14-Hour Timer for Battery Charging Control Circuit

Working

The Ni-Cd charger circuit is separated into three main portions: a constant current source, a 14-hour timer, and a comparator circuit for monitoring the battery, which is explained below.

Constant Current Source for Battery Charging

This constant current source in the above circuit uses an LM317 IC, which provides a constant current. So by selecting the correct R14 resistor value, the output current will be set to 50mAmpos with I = 1.2V/R14 formula. To confirm the battery doesn’t discharge if there is a power breakdown, then D1 & D2 diodes are included for safety.

Here, the R7 resistor & D2 diode work mutually to permit trickle charging when the battery is completely charged. So a little current flows continuously by maintaining the battery refilled without any overcharging.

14-Hour Timer for Battery Charging Control

This circuit can be handled by CD4060 IC1 and a 14-stage counter is equipped through an oscillator. So this oscillator’s can be set through F = 1/2.2RC, wherever R => R11 + R12 & C => C2 + C3 + C4. So the oscillator runs with the values provided at 1/6 Hz, and  pin-3 of this IC outputs a higher signal after 14 hrs, signaling the end of the major charging phase.

A Darlington driver in this circuit includes T1 & T2 transistors, which trigger the RL1 relay. It disconnects the battery from the main current source to avoid overcharging. Simultaneously, a buzzer rings to indicate that the battery is completely charged & ready to utilize. Here, the C1 capacitor & R1 resistor reset IC1 automatically throughout power-on.

Comparator for Monitoring Battery Health

The comparator in the above circuit uses µA741 IC to check the health of the battery by comparing different voltages through pin-2 by setting 0.4Volts through VR1. Here, Pin-3 is connected across the battery & generally stays connected to +Vcc throughout the R3 resistor. To maintain the circuit constant and keep away from any false readings, an R10 resistor is included to set up some hysteresis.

Conditions:

• If the RED color LED is ON and the yellow color LED is OFF, then it indicates normal Ni-Cd battery charging.
• If the RED color LED is ON, and the Yellow color LED is ON, then it indicates there may be a reverse battery connection. Make sure that the battery is properly connected. So, if the battery is properly connected, then the battery will be short and not work.
• If the RED color LED is ON, the Yellow color LED is ON for some time & goes OFF, then it indicates a low voltage battery; thus, charging will be continued.
• If the RED color LED is ON for a moment & after that goes OFF, then the Yellow color LED will be OFF. It indicates a high resistance battery, so the battery is not functional.

Conclusion:

This Ni-Cd battery charging circuit is versatile, which provides you with a consistent and efficient method to charge all types of Ni-Cd batteries. So this circuit is very simple to utilize with built-in security features like a trickle charging mode & an alert sound to allow you to identify whenever charging is finished. So it is a great choice for Ni-Cd batteries, however, you can also regulate it for other kinds similar to lead-acid. In addition, the stable current charging will confirm your batteries stay completely charged & last longer.

Advantages & Disadvantages

The advantages of the CD4060 IC include the following.

• The CD4060 IC is a versatile chip.
• This IC allows for precise & adjustable time delay generation.
• Its built-in oscillator allows the generation of a variety of frequencies with minimum external components.
• This IC needs a few passive components only for oscillator action, circuit design simplification & implementation.
• It has a 14-bit binary counter, which allows counting & dividing signals.
• This IC’s 12 output pins can be utilized to control a variety of functions.
• These are small in size, reliable, and consume less power.

The disadvantages of CD4060 IC include the following.

• The number of bits directly a counter IC handles will dictate its highest counting capacity.
• A binary counter is a digital circuit, so it is vulnerable to noise interference, which causes incorrect counting.
• These counters generate output within a binary format, so it might not always be the most appropriate for all applications.
• It has a limited counting range, the need for exterior circuitry for non-binary outputs, vulnerability to noise, and potentially increasing cost & complexity.

Applications

The applications of CD4060 IC include the following.

• The CD4060 IC generates precise & adjustable time delays, thus helping in building time-related circuits & timers in both consumer and industrial electronics.
• These are used in delay-inducing circuits in industrial automation, home security systems, etc.
• It is utilized to separate high-frequency signals into minor and more manageable segments, which is useful in a variety of frequency-related applications.
• This IC can also be employed to count operations or events that range from easy counting tasks to difficult industrial monitoring systems.
• This IC produces various outputs with different frequencies so used in audio & synthesizer projects.
• This IC is used to create time delays, counters, frequency dividers & other timing-related circuits.
• It is used in different timing & frequency generation applications.
• These are suitable for applications that need accurate & consistent timing.

Please refer to this link for the CD4060 IC Datasheet.

Thus, this is an overview of CD4060 IC, pin-out, features, specifications, circuit, working & its applications. This is a versatile IC that merges an oscillator & a counter, making it a great choice mainly for different tasks that require accurate & adjustable timing. Its simple design allows it to handle time delays efficiently, making it a popular choice for timing-related projects. So this IC is fairly simple to utilize and uses fewer passive components to make stable signals for different frequency & timing applications. Here is a question for you: What is CD4020 IC?