In our day-to-day life, we all utilize different types of sensors. From that, the temperature sensor is one kind of sensor that is used most frequently in different forms like microwaves, water heaters, refrigerators, thermometers, etc. Generally, these types of sensors are used in a wide range of applications to measure the amount of coolness or hotness of the device and change it into a readable unit. Do you know how the temperature of the buildings, dams, boreholes, soil are measured:? … [Read more...]
What is a Proximity Sensor : Types & Its Applications
Proximity sensor comprises all sensors that execute non-contact detection as compared to limit switches that notice objects through contacting physically them. These types of sensors change the data into an electrical signal on the movement or occurrence of a target. These sensors are used in mobile phones. Once the target is in a small range, then the lock screen of the mobile user interface will come into view which is called sleep mode. These sensors can be utilized to identify air gestures … [Read more...]
What is a Phototransistor : Working & Its Applications
After the development of the first point-contact transistor, the phototransistor was invented by one of the teams at Bell Labs. At that time, a large number of developments were being started. Even though the phototransistor history is not publicized like other early developments of semiconductors, but it was certainly a very significant development. The first invention of this transistor was announced on March 30th, 1950. This article discusses an overview of a phototransistor and its … [Read more...]
What is Admittance : Formula & Its Derivation
In the scope of electrical engineering, we are familiar with resistance in digital circuits. Along with this, impedance also shows the impact in AC circuits where consists of the consequences of both capacitance and inductance. The impedance generated by these consequences is combinedly stated as reactance and this creates the imaginary part of the complex impedance while resistance creates the real part. The reciprocal term of impedance is admittance. The inventor of the term admittance is … [Read more...]
What is Gunn Diode : Construction & Its Working
In GaAs semiconductor materials, the electrons are present in two states like high mass low velocity & low mass high velocity. By the demand of an adequate electric field, the electrons are forced to move from a low mass state to a high mass state. At this specific state, electrons can form a group & moves at a consistent rate that can cause to flow current in a series of pulses. So this is known as Gunn Effect which is used by Gunn diodes. These diodes are the best and most frequently … [Read more...]
What is Tunnel Diode : Working & Its Applications
A tunnel diode was discovered by Leo Esaki in the year 1958. He noticed that if a semiconductor diode is doped heavily through impurities, then it will generate negative resistance that means the flow of current across the diode will decreases once the voltage enhances. Leo Esaki got the Nobel Prize in the physics subject for inventing the effect of electron tunneling that is used in these types of diodes in the year 1973. These diodes are one of the most important solid-state electronic … [Read more...]
What is Light Emitting Diode : Working & Its Applications
At present, one of the latest inventions in diodes is an LED or light-emitting diode. These light bulbs are used almost everywhere from cell phones to large display boards. Day by day, its popularity & its usage is increasing rapidly because of some extraordinary properties. In particular, light-emitting diodes are extremely small in size & consume less power. Generally, light-emitting diodes are active semiconductor-type electronic components. As compared to a normal diode, an LED is … [Read more...]
What is Laser Diode – Construction & Its Working
In present photonics technology, LASER diodes play an essential role. The term LASER stands for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation". A Laser Diode is a p-n junction diode that emits laser radiation once the current is applied in forward direction. These diodes operate on the optical & electrical properties of semiconductor materials & PN junctions. The process used to emit coherent light in this diode is stimulated emission whereas, in light-emitting diodes, the … [Read more...]
What is LC Oscillator : Circuit & Its Working
In an AC circuit including an inductor & a capacitor, the current and the phase of the voltage are usually different. If you change the circuit components or the power frequency, then the whole circuit will appear simply resistive. Once the LC circuit reaches this condition, then it is known as resonance. In this condition, the circuit reaches the whole impedance or high value. The main essence of resonance is that the energy of the magnetic field within the inductance & the energy of … [Read more...]
What is UJT Relaxation Oscillator & Its Working
A three-terminal semiconductor device like UJT (uni-junction transistor) exhibits different characteristics like switching and negative resistance to using as a relaxation oscillator within phase control applications. This type of transistor can also be used in timing, trigger generator, and gate pulse applications. Similar to diodes, the construction of UJT can be done by using separate P-type & N-type semiconductor materials to form a single PN junction in the main N-type conducting … [Read more...]