The thermocouple was first designed after the examination of the thermoelectric phenomenon in the year 1821 by Thomas Johann Seebeck. He observed a circuit that contains two wires made with two different metals like platinum or bismuth & antimony which are connected jointly at their ends. So heating one of the junctions will produce a weak electric signal that is simply proportional to the variation in temperature among the two welds. So this type of arrangement is known as a thermocouple. … [Read more...]

Measuring current within any system without affecting its performance is significant. So, current measurement is very essential in many instrumentation and power systems. Usually, current sensing was mainly for protection & control of the circuit. But, with the progress in technology, sensing current has appeared as a technique to examine and improve performance. So knowing the sum of current being transmitted to the load is very helpful for an extensive variety of applications. So this … [Read more...]

In automobiles, there are various sensors to control all engine functions and work to indicate failures and protect the vehicles from damage. Air Flow Sensor or Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor is one detection device, which can convert the amount of air entering the vehicle's engine into a voltage signal to calculate the load of the engine. This sensor is necessary to determine the amount of fuel injection, when to fire the cylinders, shifting of gears, and calculate the exact air-fuel ratio/flow … [Read more...]

At present, biometric technology is very useful & important because they are very effective, precise & provides more safety. Present smartphones comprise a fingerprint sensor to validate the consumer while some high-end smartphones provide extra Biometric Sensors like facial recognition & iris scanners. This technology is mainly used in government & private sectors to confirm an identity of a person. Because every person has some unique features like both behavioral & … [Read more...]

In the industrial sector, the measurement of water or gas flow is a very significant process for controlling different processes as well as for the machinery for the best levels of performance & efficiency. So, flow can be defined as the volume (or) area for each unit time at which point a substance moves throughout a specified cross-section & is characterized at precise pressures & temperatures. The sensor used to measure flow is known as a flow sensor. So, flow measurement is … [Read more...]

At present, door sensors are installed on the doors and windows for home security purposes. These sensors allow you to know once somebody has opened/closed a door. Many house owners utilize door sensors to guard entrances. However, these sensors work on any type of door. Actually door sensors are so adaptable, so they are becoming very popular within activity triggers within smart home design. This article discusses an overview of a door sensor – working with applications What is Door … [Read more...]

PIR sensors are everywhere because it is almost impossible to visualize without them every day in modern life. These sensors are less costly, very simple to utilize, and consistent, so applicable in door openings, security alarms, vending machines, automatic lighting switches, lift lobbies, and many more. Since these sensors are designed with many benefits they have been used in different electronic projects related to Raspberry Pi & Arduino. All these readily available resources, it has … [Read more...]

The small board with an electret mic (microphone) and some processing circuit that receives the acoustic signals/sound traveling through the free space/air and converts them into electrical signals is a sound sensor. The output of the sound sensor can be analog or digital output. It is very easy to use, cost-effective, low power, compatible with standard controls and digital/analog ICs. It is easy to integrate logic modules into sensor inputs, and requires a minimum number of external … [Read more...]

The manufacturing industries are incorporating automated technology and making it is very significant for the production and development. The Industrial automation can make the production workers' lives very easier & helps in increasing the productivity of corporation. One of the important one which helps in all the automation process is sensor. There are humpty number of sensor available in the market nowadays. One of the among. them is the photoelectric sensors are used in industries to … [Read more...]