For more than a century, human drivers have relied on their eyes, ears, and reflexes to navigate roads. Today, with the arrival of fully driverless cars, those biological sensors are being replaced by an array of advanced technologies that allow machines to perceive their surroundings in extraordinary detail. From laser-based lidar scanners to high-definition cameras, from radar units that see through fog to microphones that hear sirens, these sensors in driverless cars work together to give an … [Read more...]
UM66 IC : PinOut, Features, Specifications, Circuit, Working & Its Applications
A melody-generating IC is a type of chip that creates and generates melodies and plays music based on the program. It is a small and convenient melody generator chip that generates melodies & instrumental effects. So these are utilized in different devices like telephones, music boxes, toys, etc. Some melody generating ICs are; UM66T, dual tone melody generator IC, BT66, etc. This article elaborates on UM66 IC, pin-out, features, specifications, and applications. What is UM66 IC? UM66 IC … [Read more...]
What is Radar Sensor : Pin Configuration, Working, Interfacing & Its Applications
At present, semiconductor technology is developing very quickly, so the power utilization & the size of various types of radars have been reduced greatly. So, the function of radar is also getting stronger by using ultra-wideband technology, millimeter-wave, multiple transmission & receptions by increasing computing capacities. These sensors are used every day for different purposes in different applications like weather forecast weekly, onboard vehicle systems & controlling traffic. … [Read more...]
NVIDIA Jetson Nano : Features, Specifications, Architecture, Working, Differences & Its Applications
NVIDIA introduced the Jetson family, a part of NVIDIA’s embedded systems, designed to provide the required hardware & software to develop AI-powered systems and devices. There are different types of NVIDIA Jetson boards, like Jetson TX2 Series, Jetson Xavier NX, Jetson Nano, AGX Xavier Series, Xavier NX Developer Kit & AGX Xavier Industrial. The Jetson Nano was introduced by NVIDIA in 2019 as a low-cost alternative to other Jetson boards. Thus, this board is specially targeted to provide … [Read more...]
FPGA vs GPU vs TPU : Best Hardware for AI Applications
Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications require massive computational power to handle complex mathematical operations like matrix multiplications, deep learning model training, and inference. Over the last decade, three major hardware architectures have become central to AI workloads: Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and Tensor Processing Units (TPUs). Each of these platforms offers distinct advantages and trade-offs in terms of speed, flexibility, … [Read more...]
Wafer-Scale Integration (WSI) : How It Works Explained
Imagine trying to build the world’s largest puzzle. Normally, when you make electronic chips, you cut a big silicon wafer into many small pieces (chips), package them, and connect them later. Wafer-Scale Integration (WSI) flips this idea — instead of cutting the wafer into smaller chips, engineers use the entire wafer as one giant chip. This sounds simple in words, but in reality, it is one of the most complex engineering challenges in the semiconductor world. Yet, it is also a revolutionary way … [Read more...]
How AI Chip is Fabricated ?
AI chips—like GPUs (e.g., NVIDIA’s H100) or custom accelerators—are marvels of precision engineering and materials science. Their manufacturing is an incredibly advancement of atomic-level manipulation, requiring unmatched cleanliness, extreme accuracy, and global coordination. Let's explore the journey of AI chip fabrication from raw silicon to a powerful AI processor packaged and ready for deployment. AI Chip Fabrication Process The steps involved in AI chip fabrication include the follo … [Read more...]
HT8950 IC : PinOut, Features, Specifications, Circuit, Working & Its Applications
A voice modulator is an integrated circuit that changes the tone and pitch of a voice. An example of a voice modulator IC is HT8950 IC which can make seven steps down or up on the 8 Hz frequency of input voice. Thus, the modulator circuit using this IC uses different components, so it picks the input voice by using a microphone and pushbutton switch to step up the frequency, and the IC amplifies the output. Thus, this IC can be used in electronic systems like speech processors, telephones, toys, … [Read more...]
AI Chips vs. Microcontrollers : How the New Brains of Computing Are Changing the Game
For decades, microcontrollers (MCUs) have been the silent workhorses inside billions of devices—from microwave ovens to automotive control units. They are compact, energy efficient, and reliable, making them ideal for running repetitive, predictable tasks for years without failure. But in recent years, a new category of computing hardware has emerged: AI chips. These chips are not just faster MCUs—they are purpose-built processors optimized for artificial intelligence workloads such as image rec … [Read more...]
LM1084 IC : PinOut, Features, Specifications, Circuit, Working & Its Applications
A positive voltage regulator IC is an electronic component that maintains the output voltage stable instead of changes within the input voltage (or) load. So it is a key component in many electronic circuits and devices. This positive voltage regulator is used in almost all types of electronic circuits & devices. So LM1084 IC is a low dropout positive voltage regulator IC designed by Texas Instruments and revised in Jan 2015. This article elaborates on LM1084 IC, pin-out, specifications, and … [Read more...]
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