A step-down switching regulator can also be known as a DC-DC step-down regulator or buck converter device. These are a subclass of voltage regulators that decrease the voltage from an i/p to an o/p. This regulator uses a switch to separate a DC voltage and, after that uses a capacitor and an inductor to smooth the results. These regulators achieve impressive efficiencies of up to 96% and fit seamlessly into small circuits. Engineers use them in battery-operated devices to optimize battery life … [Read more...]
Top 5 AI Compatible Sensors for IOT Projects
AI-compatible sensors are devices or smart sensors that gather raw environmental data by incorporating AI. Thus, it processes, understands, and analyzes the data to make informed decisions & predictions. These AI sensors enable machines in AI systems to understand, adapt, and perform autonomously within complex situations across various fields like autonomous vehicles, healthcare, industrial automation, and smart homes. In IoT projects, various types of AI-compatible sensors play a crucial … [Read more...]
TDA2822M IC : PinOut, Features, Specifications, Circuit, Working & Its Applications
The TDA2822M is a dual audio power amplifier IC developed by STMicroelectronics. This IC uses IC technology composed of various components like transistors, resistors, capacitors, etc. As the name suggests, this IC includes two independent amplifier channels that work as a stereo amplifier to power two separate speakers. This dual nature gives flexibility by allowing for stereo applications or a more powerful mono output within bridge mode, wherever both channels are merged to drive a single … [Read more...]
All the Sensors That Power Fully Driverless Cars in 2025 — What’s In, What’s Out, and What’s Next
For more than a century, human drivers have relied on their eyes, ears, and reflexes to navigate roads. Today, with the arrival of fully driverless cars, those biological sensors are being replaced by an array of advanced technologies that allow machines to perceive their surroundings in extraordinary detail. From laser-based lidar scanners to high-definition cameras, from radar units that see through fog to microphones that hear sirens, these sensors in driverless cars work together to give an … [Read more...]
UM66 IC : PinOut, Features, Specifications, Circuit, Working & Its Applications
A melody-generating IC is a type of chip that creates and generates melodies and plays music based on the program. It is a small and convenient melody generator chip that generates melodies & instrumental effects. So these are utilized in different devices like telephones, music boxes, toys, etc. Some melody generating ICs are; UM66T, dual tone melody generator IC, BT66, etc. This article elaborates on UM66 IC, pin-out, features, specifications, and applications. What is UM66 IC? UM66 IC … [Read more...]
What is Radar Sensor : Pin Configuration, Working, Interfacing & Its Applications
At present, semiconductor technology is developing very quickly, so the power utilization & the size of various types of radars have been reduced greatly. So, the function of radar is also getting stronger by using ultra-wideband technology, millimeter-wave, multiple transmission & receptions by increasing computing capacities. These sensors are used every day for different purposes in different applications like weather forecast weekly, onboard vehicle systems & controlling traffic. … [Read more...]
NVIDIA Jetson Nano : Features, Specifications, Architecture, Working, Differences & Its Applications
NVIDIA introduced the Jetson family, a part of NVIDIA’s embedded systems, designed to provide the required hardware & software to develop AI-powered systems and devices. There are different types of NVIDIA Jetson boards, like Jetson TX2 Series, Jetson Xavier NX, Jetson Nano, AGX Xavier Series, Xavier NX Developer Kit & AGX Xavier Industrial. The Jetson Nano was introduced by NVIDIA in 2019 as a low-cost alternative to other Jetson boards. Thus, this board is specially targeted to provide … [Read more...]
FPGA vs GPU vs TPU : Best Hardware for AI Applications
Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications require massive computational power to handle complex mathematical operations like matrix multiplications, deep learning model training, and inference. Over the last decade, three major hardware architectures have become central to AI workloads: Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and Tensor Processing Units (TPUs). Each of these platforms offers distinct advantages and trade-offs in terms of speed, flexibility, … [Read more...]
Wafer-Scale Integration (WSI) : How It Works Explained
Imagine trying to build the world’s largest puzzle. Normally, when you make electronic chips, you cut a big silicon wafer into many small pieces (chips), package them, and connect them later. Wafer-Scale Integration (WSI) flips this idea — instead of cutting the wafer into smaller chips, engineers use the entire wafer as one giant chip. This sounds simple in words, but in reality, it is one of the most complex engineering challenges in the semiconductor world. Yet, it is also a revolutionary way … [Read more...]
How AI Chip is Fabricated ?
AI chips—like GPUs (e.g., NVIDIA’s H100) or custom accelerators—are marvels of precision engineering and materials science. Their manufacturing is an incredibly advancement of atomic-level manipulation, requiring unmatched cleanliness, extreme accuracy, and global coordination. Let's explore the journey of AI chip fabrication from raw silicon to a powerful AI processor packaged and ready for deployment. AI Chip Fabrication Process The steps involved in AI chip fabrication include the follo … [Read more...]
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